Vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency is a condition in which blood flow to the back of the brain is restricted (i.e. insufficient). It occurs due to a blockage of the two arteries in the vertebrae that feed the brain. These vertebral arteries join to form the basilar artery, hence the name vertebrobasilar. This blockage can be caused by a build up of plaque, known as atherosclerosis.
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